The Buddha's third sermon is about the three evils that afflict the
beings and bind them to the cycle of births and deaths and suffering. They are passion
(raga), anger (dhvesha) and delustion (moha). They blind the senses, the mind,
the thoughts and actions resulting in birth, old age, death, lamentation,
misery, grief and despair. The following is the entire text of the third sermon
delivered by the Buddha at Uravela to the new converts.
The Master delivered his third sermon at Uravela, to three
Brahmincal ascetics and their followers whom he had just converted.
Uravela Kassapa, who later became one of his chief disciples, was one among
them. Since they were previously fire worshippers, he rightly delivered to
them this third sermon which is popularly known as "The Discourse on
Fire."
"O monks know that all things are on fire. And
what are they that are on fire? The eye, the forms, the eye-consciousness,
the impressions, and whatever sensation, whether pleasant, unpleasant or
neutral that arises from the impressions received by the eye, they are all in
fire.
"And with what are they on fire? I say with the
fire of lust, of aversion, and passion (raga, dvesha and moha); with birth,
with old age, with death, lamentation, misery, grief and despair, they are on
fire.
"Similar is the case with the ear, with the nose,
the tongue and the sense of touch. The mind is also on fire. The thoughts are
on fire. The mind-consciousness, the impressions received by the mind and the
sensations that arise from such impressions, also are on fire.
"And with what are they on fire? I say with the
fire of lust, of aversion, and passion (raga, dvesha and moha); with birth,
with old age, with death, lamentation, misery, grief and despair, they are on
fire.
"And knowing thus O Monks, the true disciple
develops an aversion to the eye, to the forms, to the eye-consciousness, to
the impressions received by the eye, to the sensations arising from there, to
the ear, to the nose, to the tongue, to the sense of touch, to the mind, to
the thoughts, to the mind-consciousness, impressions, and sensations.
"There by he overcomes his desire, becomes freed
and having become freed realizes that becoming is exhausted, that he has
lived a pure life, that he had done what was expected of him and that he has
done away with mortality for ever. "
Thus ended the third sermon of the Buddha. The monks
who assembled and listened to it became free from attachment and attained
Arhat and Nirvana in due course of time.
